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Contained Use

  • 05-07-2012

    Algae and genetic modification. Research, production and risks

    Algae are a promising source of biofuels and viewed as a possible alternative for fue...

  • 08-05-2012

    Methodology for environmental risk assessments in medical and veterinary biotechnology

    Over time, the COGEM has composed and reviewed a large number of ERAs relating to hum...

  • 27-01-2012

    Classification of Organisms: Pathogenicity classification of parasites. Status: January 2012

    NOTE: This classification has been updated in 2021 (see CGM/211209-01) The Netherland...

  • 03-03-2011

    Survey on the implementation of Directive 2009/41/EC

    Within Europe Directive 2009/41/EC is adopted for the contained use of genetically mo...

  • 11-03-2010

    Efficacy of strategies for biological containment of transgenic crops

    Biological containment (or biocontainment) of transgenic plants and transgenes is the...

  • 18-08-2009

    Pollen flow out of greenhouses for wind-pollinated species

    During experiments on genetically modified (gm-)plants in greenhouses measures are ta...

  • 07-10-2008

    Bacteriophages: therapeuticals and alternative applications

    Bacteriophages (“eaters of bacteria”) are viruses specific to bacteria an...

  • 30-06-2008

    Evidence-based biosafety: a review of the effectiveness of microbiological containment measures

    Working with patogenic microorganisms and gmo's requires precautions that guarant...

  • 14-09-2007

    Outcrossing frequency in selfing and apomictic plant species subject to containment measures in GMO development regulation

    This report was commissioned by the COGEM in order to reassess the knowledge basis on...

  • 30-05-2005

    Recombinant and chimeric viruses

    Genetic engineering can be used for the production of recombinant and chimeric viruse...